25 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... and referral to Urology ... cause not identified ... #Workup #urology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
sediment Microscopic ... hematuria • Signs ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... microscopic and ... #urology #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
microscopy / urinary ... clinical context and signs ... cryoglobulins, hepatitis serology ... , HIV serology, ... #causes
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Brudzinski's Sign in Meningitis

Severe neck stiffness causes the patient's knees and hips to flex when the
Brudzinski's Sign ... neck stiffness causes ... knees and hips to flex ... clinical #video #physicalexam ... #neurology
Brudzinski's Sign in Meningitis

Severe neck stiffness causes the patient's knees and hips to flex when the
Brudzinski's Sign ... neck stiffness causes ... knees and hips to flex ... clinical #video #physicalexam ... #neurology
Hoffman's sign. Even in this specific case, accompanied by a clonus outline (rhythmic contractions). The median
Hoffman's sign. ... this specific case ... #Reflex #Positive ... clinical #video #neurology ... #PhysicalExam
Orbicularis Reflex in an Alzheimer's Patient on Physical Exam

Alzheimer's is a degenerative, progressive and irreversible disease.
Orbicularis Reflex ... time, and can cause ... delusions and, in some cases ... #PhysicalExam # ... clinical #video #neurology
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
It is a clear sign ... the pupillary reflex ... regarding the cause ... Pupillary #Defect #Neurology ... Pupils #MacrusGunn #PhysicalExam
Galant Reflex on Physical Exam

The Galant reflex is present at birth and remains until the 2nd
Galant Reflex on ... The Galant reflex ... persistent in cases ... #PhysicalExam # ... clinical #video #Neurology