34 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... mimics, repeat testing ... → Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Workup
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... present on repeat testing ... including overnight testing ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Cerebral Salt Wasting ... vs SIADH - Pathophysiology ... → Increased urine ... SaltWasting #SIADH #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... osmolarity If cause ... #Injury #AKI #Workup ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
require urgent nephrology ... are caused by prerenal ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Diagnosis and Workup ... Blood Work: - ... Elevated Renin Urine ... Syndrome #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
• Excessive heating ... maintained fever CAUSES ... amphetamines) Toxic: • Radiologic ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia #Checklist ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Intraoperative Massive Blood Loss - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Expected or unexpected major haemorrhage

❶ Call for
interventional radiology ... point of care testing ... • Use lab testing ... Intraoperative #Checklist ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Intraoperative Sepsis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Severe sepsis (hypotension persisting after initial fluid challenge of
likely underlying cause ... record hourly urine ... surgical site, urine ... Intraoperative #Checklist ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
out of cells may cause ... renal function/urine ... Treating DKA: 1) ... tachycardia, Incr resting ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology