21 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
• 1ml blood/liter ... : • Flank pain ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine # ... blood
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
unilateral flank pain ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... #blood #urine
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Investigations: full blood ... osmolarity If cause ... syndrome: troponin ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
stimulus to ADH • Pain ... /Post-op • Neurologic ... GI losses • Renal ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
stimulus to ADH • Pain ... /Post-op • Neurologic ... GI losses • Renal ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Pharmacological Treatment of Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Midodrine - Alpha agonist incr blood pressure incr renal perfusion pressure
Alpha agonist incr blood ... pressure incr renal ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Nephrology #Management ... #Pharmacology #
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... • Diarrhea A urine ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Framework and Management ... Summary Causes ... - Abdominal pain ... UA positive for blood ... #nephrology
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
Hematuria in Post-Renal ... (Goodpasture's syndrome ... diagnosis #kidney #blood ... #urine #management ... #treatment #nephrology