15 results
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
urinary calcium excretion ... hypercalciuria, Hypercalcemia ... urinary calcium excretion ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #calculus
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
- Differential Diagnosis ... Primary - Under-excretion ... • Chronic renal ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... endocrinology #causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Management Summary Causes ... Weakness - Dark urine ... - Abdominal pain ... hour with goal urine
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
- Differential Diagnosis ... (correction of hypokalemia ... test (with 24-h urine ... free cortisol excretion ... #Workup #table
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... hour with goal urine ... per day until stable ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia ... Management #Summary #causes
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Saline (NS) - Comparison ... Is Dangerous in Hyperkalemia ... Decreased GFR, urine ... volume and sodium excretion ... #pharmacology #
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... - Reduced Excretion ... nephron - TTKG > 7, Urine ... Creatinine • Chronic renal ... ENaC blockers • AIN
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... K+ Excretion: ... lysis) ± Urine ... excretion ... Elimination (see Table
Oncologic Emergencies - Differential Diagnosis Framework

HEMATOLOGIC ONCOLOGIC EMERGENCIES:
Hyperviscosity Syndrome:
 • Spontaneous bleeding
 • Shortness of breath
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hyperuricemia • Acute renal ... Hypocalcemia Hypercalcemia ... Vomiting, decreased urine ... #differential #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Inappropriate ADH secretion ... SSRIs) Severe pain ... Suppressed - Advanced renal ... #Table #Causes