12 results
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
Distal Renal Tubular ... Failure to acidify urine ... impaired NH4+ secretion ... Distal #Diagnosis #Management ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary ... Testing Common causes ... test (with 24-h urine ... agent Uncommon causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Diagnosis and Management ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... hour with goal urine ... per day until stable ... #Summary #causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Framework and Management ... Summary Causes ... Weakness - Dark urine ... ) • AKI: BUN/Cr ... #causes #treatment
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
shift • Saline Causes ... Decreased GFR, urine ... volume and sodium excretion ... • Saline May Cause ... NS #comparison #pharmacology
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
Calculus AXR ... obstruction - Able ... identify non-calculus causes ... for non-calculus causes ... stones #calculus #Radiology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Kidney stones caused ... Heart Association class ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
countries (11-24 cases ... Americans (18-71 cases ... mortality: 9-14 cases ... , and possibly renal ... e.g. incidental CXR
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... Lung Abscess Pathophysiology ... Blood cultures • CXR ... early disease) • CXR ... #differential #causes
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
K+ Excretion: ... lysis) ± Urine ... excretion ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table