24 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, Differential ... - CHF - Cirrhosis ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... - Diuretics ... Classification #Differential
Hypo-osmolar Hypotonic HypoNatremia Algorithm (Serum Na+ < 135 meq/L, serum Osm < 275 mosm/kg)
Assess Volume Status,
Hypo-osmolar Hypotonic ... HypoNatremia Algorithm ... Na, Urine Osm ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Hypotonic
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... Urologic irrigants Hypotonic ... ON (UNa < 30): Hypovolemia ... , Medications (diuretics ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Algorithm Isotonic ... • Hypovolemia: ... Diuretics/Nephropathies ... Alcohol MH/CCF
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Hyponatremia The ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... differential #diagnosis
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... especially thiazide diuretics ... Reduced GFR, AKI/CRF ... Hypo-osmolar urine
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... especially thiazide diuretics ... Reduced GFR, AKI/CRF ... Hypo-osmolar urine
Flowchart to diuretic use in acute heart failure.

(A) Congestion with volume overload. 

(B) Treatment algorithm after
(B) Treatment algorithm ... blood pressure; HF ... ultrafiltration; UO, urine ... #CHF #Algorithm ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... anemia) • G-CSF ... • Discontinued diuretic ... #Differential #
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... 145 mmol/L High Urine ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic ... administration • Osmotic diuresis