11 results
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... Urologic irrigants Hypotonic ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal ... insufficiency, ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Syndrome ... Reduced GFR, AKI/CRF ... Hypo-osmolar urine
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Syndrome ... Reduced GFR, AKI/CRF ... Hypo-osmolar urine
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal ... Insufficiency, ... differential #diagnosis
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Adrenal Insufficiency ... Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Clinical ... , hypotension, hyponatremia ... , hyperkalemia,
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... hypothyroidism • adrenal ... insufficiency ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical features: 
 - Weight loss, anorexia, Weakness, fatigue, GI distress
 - Hypotension,
Adrenal Insufficiency ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... hypoglycemia, Hyponatremia ... , hyperkalemia, ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... polydipsia • Hypervolemia ... Syndrome, Chronic Renal ... Alcohol MH/CCF ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... nephron - TTKG > 7, Urine ... Low EABV (e.g., CHF ... • ACEi/ARB • Adrenal ... insufficiency
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Na delivery): CHF ... lysis) ± Urine ... Use gtt, NOT hypertonic ... #Diagnosis #Management