23 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... syndrome—due to GBM ... #Glomerular #Diseases ... Nephrotic #Syndromes #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is classified into pre-renal, renal, and post-renal causes. Renal
Causes of acute ... Renal causes of ... and interstitial disease ... GBM, Glomerular ... #Sites #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Kidney Injury - Classification ... • Glomerular disease ... tubular necrosis (causes ... Kidney #Injury #Classification ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... granulomatous diseases ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... Diabetes #Insipidus #Classification ... #Types #Nephrology
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
Syphilis, Lyme disease ... Charcot-Marie-Tooth, Fabry's disease ... Willis via UNC IM ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Causes of Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Neoplasm:
• NHL
• Hodgkin's lymphoma
• Leukemia
• Solid
Causes of Fever ... Neoplasm: • NHL ... fever • Lyme disease ... • Whipple's disease ... Infection: • HIV • EBV
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) 
 - Loss of kidney function over a short period of tirne
of glomerular disease ... Basement Membrane (GBM ... Linear, ribbon-like GBM ... Glomerulonephritis #RPGN #Classification ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... intrinsic renal disease ... prostatic) #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Urology #Hematuria
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... proliferative • Anti-GBM ... Minimal change disease ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
symptoms (HA, nausea ... , liver, renal disease ... history #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Nephro #Hyponatremia