21 results
D-Sign on Ultrasound
Right Ventricular Pressure vs Volume Overload
Eccentricity Index (EI) = D2/D1
RV Overload “D Sign” EI
Ventricular Pressure vs ... ” EI > 1 - POCUS ... echocardiogram #psax ... #diagnosis #cardiology ... #pocus
Syphilis - Diagnosis and Management - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary
Primary Syphilis
 • Localized lymphadenopathy
 •
Syphilis - Diagnosis ... Management - Primary vs ... Secondary vs Tertiary ... Negative treponemal tests ... Tabes dorsalis • Aortic
Non-Infective Endocarditis (NBTE / Marantic Endocarditis)
Non-infective endocarditis is also known as: Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE), Aseptic
embolize • Cannot differentiate ... infective vs non-infective ... absent How can we differentiate ... is required for diagnosis ... NBTE #Marantic #diagnosis
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
CA • Involves aortic ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Criteria • ↑ ESR ... block, annular or aortic
Undifferentiated critical congenital heart disease: Patterns of Presentation 
Pink baby:
 • Presents at 1-6 mo
R shunt: PDA, VSD ... • Hyperoxia test ... interrupted arch, aortic ... #presentation #Differential
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
Hemoptysis - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... regurgitation, Tricuspid endocarditis ... AVM, Thoracic aortic ... Coagulopathy: DIC, vWD
Endocarditis Algorithm - Infective vs Noninfective Causes
Noninfective:
 • Malignancy
 • Autoimmune disease
 • Systemic infection
Native Valve
Endocarditis Algorithm ... - Infective vs ... amzn.to/2LmUODZ #Endocarditis ... Noninfective #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
Venous Thrombosis vs ... Arterial Thrombosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... pathophysiology #hematology #differential ... #diagnosis #vascular
Diagnosis Adrenal Insufficiency - Algorithm

Step 1) Screening Test: 6-8AM Cortisol Level
 - Early morning cortisol levels
Diagnosis Adrenal ... Step 1) Screening Test ... ) Confirmation Test ... Step 3) Differentiate ... primary vs secondary
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
those coming off aorta ... Diagnosis = clinical ... very remarkable w/differential ... vs infection vs ... the “Chewing gum test