45 results
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)
• At least 3 different P wave morphologies: 
• Rate 100-180
• Irregular 
Etiology
disease (COPD) • Hypoxia ... • Pulmonary hypertension ... Tachycardia #MAT #Cardiology ... #Diagnosis #ECG ... #EKG #Management
EKG in Acute Pulmonary Embolism
The sensitivity and specificity for EKG findings in acute PE are low.
EKG
EKG in Acute Pulmonary ... evaluating for other causes ... #EKG #Pulmonary ... Embolism #AcutePE #diagnosis ... #cardiology #electrocardiogram
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
(e.g low cardiac ... carrying capacity (e.g ... abnormal hemoglobin (e.g ... cannot use oxygen (e.g ... #diagnosis #causes
Erythrocytosis - Polycythemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Elevated Hemoglobin:
 • Males: Hb > 16.5 g/dL/HCT ≥ 49%
 •
Polycythemia - Acquired Causes ... : • Hypoxia-driven ... : Cardiac/pulmonary ... Paraneoplastic (e.g ... #Algorithm #hematology
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
- Differential Diagnosis ... High altitude (eg ... Intrapulmonary shunting (eg ... intracardiac shunting (eg ... , atrial or ventricular
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Toxic Damage (e.g ... Displacement (e.g ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome ... Foreign Surface (e.g ... #Hematology
Causes of Palpitations
 • ARRHYTHMiA 
 • SINUS ARRYTHMIA 
 • ATRIAL FIBRILLATION 
 • ATRIAL
PARKINSON WHITE SYNDROME ... PHAEOCHROMOCYTOMA • PULMONARY ... DISEASE • HYPOXIA ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Cardiology
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Nephrotic Syndrome ... • Cardiac: - Atrial ... thrombus - atrial ... pathophysiology #hematology
Jaundice - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pre-Hepatic - Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
Increased Production
 • Hemolysis
 • Ineffective Erythropoiesis
 • Hematoma
Decreased
- Differential Diagnosis ... Sepsis • Drugs (e.g ... • Gilbert's Syndrome ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hepatology #bilirubinemia
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
(usually IgG) (e.g ... (usually IgM) (e.g ... deficiencies (e.g ... Membrane defects (e.g ... #hematology #anemia