10 results
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Causes of Acute ... Kidney Injury ( ... Urethral stricture/valves ... /phimosis #Diagnosis ... #Differential #Nephrology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Primary polydipsia ... #Polyuria #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Approach to Acute Kidney ... require urgent nephrology ... circulating volume, Urinary ... are caused by prerenal ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... renal biopsy • Abdominal ... #nephrology #causes
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
of flank or abdominal ... MRI - Limited value ... with surgical access ... lower and upper urinary ... Calculi #Renal #Kidney
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... stones caused by ... disease • Primary ... insipidus • Primary ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Primary and Secondary Headaches - Red Flags and Differential Diagnosis
Red Flags (SNOOP):
S - Systemic		
N - Neurologic
Primary and Secondary ... and Differential Diagnosis ... Patient Prefers to Rest ... Encephalitis, Abscess ... #differential #causes
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... infections • primary ... Spinal infection/abscess ... • Provocative Tests ... #causes #neurology
Polycythemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polycythemia itself isn’t a diagnosis. Like many things, it is a condition
that a one-off value ... up EPO levels Primary ... oxygen sensing (at kidneys ... about secondary causes ... Best to have an
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential Diagnosis ... to bolus these values ... / hypoxemia -> focus ... assessment - assess ... tests before beginning