10 results
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Heart failure, Cirrhosis ... , Nephrotic syndrome ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Hypothyroidism, Low ... Heart failure, Cirrhosis ... , Nephrotic syndrome ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Heart Failure, Liver ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... Syndrome, Chronic ... #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... treat underlying cause ... (CHF, cirrhosis ... , nephrotic syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Beer Potomania - Low ... Heart failure, liver ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... Heart failure, Cirrhosis ... , Nephrotic syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... demyelination syndrome ... include vaptans (HF/liver ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diagnosis of ... • Hyponatremia ... Kidney stones caused ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... disease: cirrhosis ... • Caused by splanchnic ... • Urine sodium ... #Hepatology #Nephrology
Nail Pathologies - Findings in or Near Nails

Paronychia 

A superficial infection of the proximal and lateral
Seen in liver disease ... , usually cirrhosis ... seen in Reiter's syndrome ... Abnormal #Pathology #Diagnosis ... #PhysicalExam #Atlas