10 results
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Nephrolithiasis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... urine volume ... Medullary sponge kidney ... Nephrolithiasis #Nephrology
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric ... Kidney Stones Acute ... using urine strainer ... protein - Low ... #Pediatrics #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Kidney ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... Loss (Negative urine ... Cell Problem - Low ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap ... #Nephrology #Differential
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
Renal tubular acidosis ... amino acids in kidney ... Renal tubular acidosis ... #Types #Renal #stones ... #differential #
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology ... #low
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... ↑ Aldosterone: Kidney ... #potassium #differential ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Metabolic Acidosis with Anion Gap - KILU Mnemonic

K - Ketoacidosis
	• DKA
		- With normal glucose, ask if
Metabolic Acidosis ... - 10% have -ve urine ... ketones (their ... in lit), iron (pediatric ... #diagnosis #differential
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Stones in Children ... Renal Tubular Acidosis ... Syndrome type 1-4, Lowe ... #Stones #pediatrics ... #nephrology #differential
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... unloading • Kidney ... cause metabolic acidosis ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology