21 results
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... at least 50% Renal ... Epithelial cell casts ... • Drugs • HIV ... allopurinol, PPI) • Infections
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... , HIV serology, ... #causes
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
deposits - Post-infectious ... hematuria • Signs ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... Hematuria: • Infection ... #urology #nephrology
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
CMV infection: virus ... of symptoms or signs ... 50 or less: • Neurologic ... Retinitis (Most common cause ... #differential #signs
Hepatitis B Virus Serology and Interpretation
HBsAg - Anti-HBs - Anti-HBc - HBeAg - Anti-HBe
 - Acute
Hepatitis B Virus ... Serology and Interpretation ... (about 10% of cases ... less commonly, infection ... #Serology #Interpretation
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Causes of Fatigue ... Metabolic • Renal ... • Malignancy Infectious ... Hepatitis • HIV ... Pulmonary Disease Neurologic
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
present in 15% of cases ... status, and focal neurologic ... Demyelinating disease caused ... confusion, and focal neurologic ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Disorders: • Infection ... tuberculosis, fungal infections ... Lung cancer • Renal ... from RTA type IV ... autoimmune adrenalitis cases
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA ... dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... , HBV, Sjogren's ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN #nephrology ... #diagnosis #renal
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Statins), ETOH Infection ... (Viral- HIV, Influenza ... Dermatomyositis) AKI ... Cast formation: ... Management #Summary #causes