16 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI ... osmolarity If cause ... of AKI remains ... clinical context and signs ... #causes
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
• White cell casts ... - Renal infection ... • Hyaline casts ... disease • Granular casts ... #casts
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
deposits - Post-infectious ... hematuria • Signs ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine #
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
at least 50% Renal ... Epithelial cell casts ... Obstruction • Cast ... allopurinol, PPI) • Infections ... Sjögren) Post-Renal
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
and parasites (infections ... • Urinary casts ... used with normal renal ... Kidney Injury (AKI ... #UNa #casts #glucosuria
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Statins - ETOH - Infection ... Weakness - Dark urine ... + myoglobin AKI ... Cast formation:
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Statins), ETOH Infection ... Dermatomyositis) AKI ... Cast formation: ... hour with goal urine ... Management #Summary #causes
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Disorders: • Infection ... tuberculosis, fungal infections ... Tuberculosis: can cause ... Lung cancer • Renal ... autoimmune adrenalitis cases
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA ... GN • Active Urine ... dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN #nephrology ... #diagnosis #renal