46 results
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
Association, which is classes ... flare ups that cause ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... #HeartFailure #Staging ... #Classes #NYHA
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
American College of Cardiology ... four-component staging ... With treatment, ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... #Classes #NYHA
STAGES of CHF (A, B, C, D), however, describe the severity of structural abnormalities that impair
flare ups that cause ... class III and class ... IV symptoms. ... #Management #Cardiology ... #HeartFailure #Staging
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
present in 15% of cases ... Antimicrobial treatment ... altered mental status ... : - MRI - ring ... Demyelinating disease caused
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy - Diagnosis and Causes
Clinical: Dyspnea, Exercise Intolerance, ↑ "Right Sided-Symptoms" (ascites, hepatomegaly, ↑↑peripheral edema)
Physical
Diagnosis and Causes ... ↑ "Right Sided-Symptoms ... Echocardiography, Cardiac MRI ... Cardiomyopathy #Diagnosis #Causes ... #differential #cardiology
Pericarditis can be seen on EKG with diffuse ST elevations without reciprocal changes along with diffuse
often follows a URI ... First line treatment ... in refractory cases ... #Pericarditis #Cardiology ... Diagnosis #Signs #Symptoms
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... pain (shooting, stabbing ... suspected, immediate MRI ... Syndrome #MSK #pathophysiology
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... functional ID) Treatment ... improvement in symptoms ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Krabbe Disease 

Check out this interesting case of Krabbe disease, a rare genetic leukodystrophy. Diagnosis was
this interesting case ... testing and expedite treatment ... neurotoxic • Symptoms ... cerebellar ataxia Imaging ... Disease #Diagnosis #MRI
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... CNS in the early stages ... blood-brain barrier Classic ... • Depressive symptoms ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology