16 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
Stork test) • XR ... — scotty dog sign ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
trabecular thinning -> Avascular ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... Complications #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
blood donor • Pathophysiology ... ARDS to explain symptoms ... transfusion • Pathophysiology ... fluid balance, and CXR ... #diagnosis #comparison
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... , dyspnea, +/- CXR ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... Syndrome #TLS #diagnosis ... #management #hematology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... Cathepsin G release → vascular ... common • Imaging: CXR ... : >3 symptoms, or ... #management #hematology
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
• Compensatory muscular ... Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... #causes #symptoms ... #signs #diagnosis ... #msk
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
injury, often from vascular ... Injury #Syndromes #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Typical symptoms ... Less Typical Symptoms ... un lymphatic Diagnostic ... of CXR congestion ... #management #cardiology
Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome (CECS)
 • Diagnosis Of CECS requires patient to undergo the same exertional
Diagnostic ... criteria for CECS ... CompartmentSyndrome #CECS #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #msk
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... 4) progressive muscular ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... : months - Criteria ... : El Escorial criteria