14 results
Considerations for Crystalloids - 0.9% NS vs LR vs Plasma-Lyte
 - Causes hyperkalemia?
 - Safe to
Considerations for Crystalloids ... hyperkalemia? ... patients with hyperkalemia ... Update: AKI in NS row ... #indications #comparison
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... : Proximal and distal ... #causes #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... wasting from other causes ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... consumption • Low ... Proximal RTA, Distal
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Usual maintenance ... constipation, diarrhea ... , nausea, abdominal ... constipation, diarrhea ... pharmacology #table #comparison
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg < 10g • Diarrhea ... Diuretics • Hypercalcemia-PTH ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... with hypokalemia ... Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... Proximal RTA • Distal ... #differential #algorithm
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... through distal ... • NSAlDs #Hyperkalemia ... #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... <20mmol/d • Diarrhea ... Liddle's syndrome #Hypokalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
Diagnosis: • ↓ Low ... Perspiration - Diarrhea ... ↑ T3 - Mild hypercalcemia ... diplopia, change in visual ... hyperthyroidism #causes
The crusade against “Ab”Normal Saline continues.  This is a non-physiologic fluid that can harm our
essentially all our vital ... K+ in the ECF causes ... Hyperkalemia, a ... Balanced crystalloids ... pharmacology #physiology #crystalloids