112 results
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
Volume (MCV) - Differential ... Algorithm Decreased WBCs ... Normal/lncreased WBCs ... Reticulocytosis • Renal ... #Differential #
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential ... ketoacidosis Renal ... acids in advanced renal ... Acidosis #HAGMA #Differential ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... of UTI, urine WBCs ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Workup
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
== Decreased RBC ... Hypertriglyceridemia • Uremia ... • Hemolytic anemia ... • End-stage renal ... Diagnosis #DM2 #Differential
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Overall Approach to Anemia ... - Differential ... • Anemia of Chronic ... Metabolism Disorder ... Classification #Approach #Differential
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential ... defects, Glutathione metabolism ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #workup
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Red Blood Cell (RBC ... Iron-deficiency anemia ... • Burr cells - Renal ... coagulopathy (DIC) #RBC ... key #diagnosis #differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... Low intake • Metabolic ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... potassium #low #nephrology
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
Metabolic and Respiratory ... formic acid) - Uremia ... Addison disease - Renal ... #Respiratory #Metabolic ... Recommended Text: Nephrology