1806 results
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Constitutional Syndromes ... Constitutional Syndromes ... marrow-failure syndromes ... Pancytopenia: • ↓ RBC ... • ↓ WBC • ↓
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
Causes of Anemia ... Algorithm Decreased WBCs ... Normal/lncreased WBCs ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemias ... #Normocytic #Anemia
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias ... Algorithm Signs of anemia ... • Extrinsic RBC ... • Intrinsic RBC ... #Hemolytic #Anemias
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Red Blood Cell (RBC ... Iron-deficiency anemia ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... coagulopathy (DIC) #RBC
Aplastic Anemia and Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes with Pancytopenia

Fanconi Anemia
Acquired Aplastic Anemia
Dyskeratosis Congenita & Telemore Biology
Aplastic Anemia ... Marrow Failure Syndromes ... Acquired Aplastic Anemia ... Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome ... #Pancytopenia #Syndromes
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Iron deficiency anemia ... Chronic disease anemia ... Sideroblastic anemia ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia ... autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... Neutrophils - Low RBC ... • Pernicious Anemia ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... Cells, Normal WBCs
Urine Microscopy and Casts - Image Atlas Key

- Squamous Epithelial Casts
- Transitional Epithelial Cells
- Renal Tubular
Hyaline Cast - WBCs ... Granular Casts - WBC ... Cast - RBC Cast
Pathophysiology of Hemolytic Anemia
 - Defects in RBC internal contents (thalassemia, hemoglobinopathies, and metabolic defects)
 -
Pathophysiology of Hemolytic Anemia ... - Defects in RBC ... - Defects in RBC ... Pathophysiology #Hemolytic #Anemia
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
== Decreased RBC ... Hypertriglyceridemia • Uremia ... Glucose Content • RBC ... Reduction == Increase RBC ... • Hemolytic anemia