441 results
Urinalysis Interpretation (UA)

Bacteria, Leukocyte esterase, WBC, Nitrite, RBC, Epithelial 
cells, pH

#Diagnosis #Urinalysis #Interpretation #Analysis
Leukocyte esterase, WBC ... , Nitrite, RBC, ... cells, pH #Diagnosis
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
and Differential Diagnosis ... dysmorphic RBC’s, RBC ... /WBC casts, proteinuria ... neck, prostatic) #Diagnosis
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Decreased WBCs ... Polychromatic Macrocytes, RBC ... Spherocytes, RBC ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
- Differential Diagnosis ... Decreased RBC ... Infiltration Increased RBC ... Thalassemia • RBC ... Disorder • RBC
The differential diagnosis for an elevated MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) includes:

Conditions with Abnormal RBCs:
 •
The differential diagnosis ... with Abnormal RBCs ... : • Abnormal RBC ... Xerocytosis • RBC ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Arthrocentesis - Synovial Fluid Analysis
Normal < 150 WBC, Colorless/Straw color, High Viscosity
Noninflammatory < 3,000 WBC, Straw/yellow
Analysis Normal < 150 WBC ... Noninflammatory < 3,000 WBC ... Inflammatory > 3,000 WBC ... purulent) > 50,000 WBC ... interpretation #diagnosis
Diagnostic approach to a limping child with an antalgic gait. 

(CBC = complete blood count; CRP
Diagnostic approach ... (CBC = complete ... resonance imaging; WBC ... Peds #Pediatrics #Diagnosis
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis ... Urinalysis >3 RBCs ... of UTI, urine WBCs ... (proteinuria, RBC ... uw_IMresidency #Hematuria #Diagnosis
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
glomerular hematuria (RBC ... or dysmorphic RBCs ... Algorithm #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Red Blood Cell (RBC ... Morphology Microcytic RBC ... sometimes) Macrocytic RBC ... Bite Cell RBC: G6PD ... #differential #diagnosis