13 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Increased GI ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Non-renal losses: • GI ... vomiting) • Low ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... filling of bucket (low ... time (urinary or GI ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #workup
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
- Anorexia GI ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Mechanism Decreased GI ... hypomagnesemia Excessive GI ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Magnesium #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... Hypovolemic (H2O loss): GI ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Appropriately Low ... : • Decreased GI ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... nephrology #phosphorus #workup
Lymphomas and Lymphoproliferative Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hodgkin Lymphoma ~40% - Characteristic For Reed-Sternberg (RS) Cells
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... B-Cell ~90% • Low ... Lymphoproliferative #Disorders #Classification ... #pathophysiology ... #differential #algorithm
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Pharmacology and Pathophysiology ... Pump - Digoxin works ... hypokalemia (or low ... potassium levels ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Vaughan Williams Classification ... of phase 4 to slow ... repolarization CLASS 3 - Potassium ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology