52 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Al, Low R - Primary ... Al, High R - Secondary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Normal, Renin High ... : • Primary hypoaldosteronism ... hypoplasia Aldosterone high ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology ... #potassium #differential
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... either secondary or primary ... Gitelman's syndrome • Primary ... #hypokalemia #differential ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Syndrome • HTN, High ... secreting tumor, Primary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diuretics (late) • High ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diuretics (late) • High ... hyperaldosteronism • High ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric ... Kidney Stones Acute Managment ... Recurrence: • For ALL ... Targeted Rx: • PRIMARY ... #Pediatrics #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... losses: • High ... ↑ Aldosterone: Primary ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... the time (urinary ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... #workup #nephrology
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Causes of Nephrolithiasis ... - Differential ... of stones: • Urinary ... Nephrolithiasis #Nephrology ... #Differential #