32 results
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... TPO, TPO-RA • Infections ... : Chronic infections ... bacterial and viral infections ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
) - HELLP syndrome ... Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection ... Drugs (Beta lactam antibiotics ... spherocytosis) • Infections ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Aplastic Anemia - Illness Script
Signs and symptoms:
 • Recurrent infections from neutropenia
 • Mucosal bleeding from
: • Recurrent infections ... megaloblastic anemia Treatment ... (transfusions, antibiotics ... diagnosis #management #treatment ... #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... risk-stratification • Risks: infection ... only curative treatment ... Myelodysplastic #Syndrome ... #hematology #oncology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
Overwhelming clinical syndrome ... can mimic common infections ... : • Infection ... rapidly, and empiric antibiotic ... #hematology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
Malaise, bleeding, infections ... pain, bleeding, infections ... bruising, bleeding, infection ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Leukemia #Hematology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Neutropenia - recurrent infections ... - β-lactam antibiotics ... Idiopathic • Infections ... aplastic anemia Treatment ... Anemia #oncology #hematology
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
Macrophage Activation Syndrome ... SLE], AOSD) • Infection ... Treatment: • Corticosteroids ... Diagnosis #Management #Hematology ... #Rheumatology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... Incidence: common in APL ... Triggers: ATRA treatment ... Differential Diagnosis: Infection ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
petechiae) • Frequent infections ... isoniazid) • Antibiotics ... • Parvovirus infection ... factor (GCSF) treatments ... #diagnosis #hematology