88 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
GI losses • Renal ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypothyroidism • Adrenal ... insufficiency ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
GI losses • Renal ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypothyroidism • Adrenal ... insufficiency ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Renal Failure ... Hypovolemic - GI losses, renal ... Hypothyroidism, adrenal ... insufficiency, ... #causes #nephrology
AKI in Cirrhosis - Hepatorenal Syndrome Management Algorithm

DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m2687

#AKI #Cirrhosis #Hepatorenal #Syndrome #HRS #Management #Algorithm #nephrology
AKI in Cirrhosis ... - Hepatorenal Syndrome ... Management Algorithm ... #HRS #Management ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Framework Pre-Renal ... Hypercalcemia, Renal ... Medications Intra-Renal ... Autoimmune Post-Renal ... #causes #algorithm
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Hyperkalemic Type 4 RTA
 • Hypokalemic Type 1 RTA
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... RTA • RTA of renal ... insufficiency ... Type 2 RTA #RTA #Renal ... #nephrology
Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ACTH-Dependent (Secondary):
 • Pituitary Dysfunction
 • Hypothalamic Dysfunction
ACTH-Independent (Primary):
Insufficiency - ... Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome ... #Insufficiency ... #AI #Differential ... #Causes #endocrinology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
≥100): SIADH, Renal ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal ... Insufficiency, ... Present (Uosm <100): Renal ... Hypervolemia with poor renal
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
HYPOVOLEMIC • extra-renal ... - fevers • renal ... insufficiency ... • renal failure ... #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
urinary sediment, renal ... HIV serology, renal ... eosinophiluria, renal ... protein-electrophoresis, renal ... markers • Cardio-renal