20 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
> Anterior spinal ... bladder and rectal reflex ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Spinal Cord Injury by Nerve Root Levels
Spinal Root	Sensory	Motor	Reflex
C4	Acromioclavicular Joint	Respiration	None
C5	Radial Antecubital Fossa	Elbow Flexion	Biceps Reflex
C6	Dorsal Thumb	Wrist Extension	Brachioradialis Reflex
C7	Dorsal
Spinal Cord Injury ... L2 Anterior Medial ... Sphincter None #SpinalCord ... NerveRoots #Levels #differential ... #diagnosis #Neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Syndromes Spinal ... result in permanent neurologic ... unilateral) #SpinalCord ... #differential # ... diagnosis #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
and signs below ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... reflexes: Areflexia ... #cord #spinalcord ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
L1-L5 Symptoms ... so-called ‘red flag’ symptoms ... L5/S1 with an inferior ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
gait, strength, reflexes ... ligament (near anterior ... superior iliac spine ... pathophysiology #differential ... #diagnosis #signs
Incomplete spinal cord syndromes (ISCS)
 • Central - Small Lesion - Suspended sensory deficit, classic cape
Incomplete spinal ... level of lesion (anterior ... positive Romberg sign ... ISCS #Incomplete #spinalcord ... #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... etc) in lumbar spine ... Signs / Symptoms ... leg reflexes) ... #signs
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... Unresponsive wakefulness syndrome ... • Locked-in syndrome ... • Examine for signs ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Occlusion of posterior inferior ... (Wallenberg's syndrome ... Syndrome usually ... signs or symptoms ... Vertigo #Causes #differential