19 results
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... Poisoning • Anemia ... Marrow Failure • Anemia ... (>100 fL) • B12 ... Myelodysplasia #Anemia
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
of macrocytic anemia ... methylmalonic acid ... elevated, but anemia ... megaloblastic anemia ... Macrocytosis #Macrocytic #Anemia
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... , or folate deficiency ... Hypertriglyceridemia • Uremia ... • Hemolytic anemia ... • End-stage renal
Fatigue and IBD Algorithm
 • 40-50% patients have fatigue despite clinical remission
 • Risk factors: BMI,
fatigue despite clinical ... , Anemia • Prevalence ... Crohn's > UC Anemia ... restricted diet/deficiency ... /other causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
electrolytes, urea ... , uric acid, osmolarity ... If cause of AKI ... investigations depending on clinical ... #causes
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
• Common Causes ... autoantibodies (pernicious anemia ... Worsening macrocytic anemia ... wt loss • If anemia ... - CBC, PBS - anemia
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Aplastic Anemia ... • Aplastic anemia ... Immune Aplastic Anemia ... Clinical Presentation ... and petechiae Causes
The Inhibited Pathway caused by N2O, leading to a decrease in the active form of Vitamin
Inhibited Pathway caused ... use of N2O can cause ... deficiency. ... The classic clinical ... of pernicious anemia
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Phosphatase Of Clinical ... • Pernicious anemia ... /B12 deficiency ... respiratory failure • Neurologic ... Phosphatase: • Other causes
Cardiorenal Syndrome (CRS) Types
 • Type 1 - Acute CRS: Alteration of renal perfusion is the
Alteration of renal ... neuro-hormonal and uremia ... shifts may be in cause ... Syndrome #CRS #Types #cardiology ... #nephrology