21 results
Causes of Dementia / Cognitive Impairment - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Affecting Multiple Domains
 • Depression
 • Delirium
Decline
Causes of Dementia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Subdural Hematoma • B12 ... deficiency • ... #Neurology #Differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Erythropoiesis (B12 ... in pernicious anemia ... intake (anorexia, dementia ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute Thiamine (B1) Deficiency 
Clinical Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 out of 4):
) Deficiency Clinical ... Diagnosis - Caine ... dysfunction and gait ... #Deficiency #diagnosis ... #criteria #neurology
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Causes of Secondary ... Hyponatremia • Uremia ... Degenerative • Dementia ... Migraine/Auras • Movement ... Provoked #Seizures #Neurology
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
ataxia (broad-based gait ... and retrograde amnesia ... #vitaminB1 #B1 # ... Korsakoff #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #comparison #neurology
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
workup 1) Clinical ... Whipple, vitamin deficiency ... Alzheimer - 1st cause ... - Progressive amnesia ... hallucinations - Movement
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Most cases diagnosed ... • Pernicious anemia ... /B12 deficiency ... respiratory failure • Neurologic ... ) - Waddling gait
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
) Deficiency Etiology ... • Common Causes ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... parasthesias, gait ... #Cobalamin #Deficiency
Evaluation of Recurrent Falls

Core Concept:
Maintaining an upright posture requires the integrated function of multiple systems.
Disruption in
embolism - Severe anemia ... e.g., diabetic, B12 ... deficiency) ... Examples: - Dementia ... Evaluation #Geriatrics #Neurology
Differential Diagnosis: New-Onset Seizure in the Elderly

STRUCTURAL:
 • Stroke/TIA, Subdural hematoma, mass
 • Traumatic Brain Injury
Differential Diagnosis ... cardiovascular causes ... have convulsive movements ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Seizure #Elderly #Neurology