240 results
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... #differential # ... diagnosis #signs
Anemia - Underproduction Diagnostic Algorithm
 - Iron deficiency anemia
 - Anemia of chronic inflammation
 - Anemia
Diagnostic Algorithm ... - Iron deficiency ... disease - Vitamin B12 ... and/or folate deficiency ... #differential #
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Volume (MCV) - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Dietary Deficiency ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... and Folate Deficiency
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Pancytopenia - Differential ... Diagnosis Congenital ... • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... consumption • Vitamin B12
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Diagnostic Framework ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin B12 ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... morphologic #mcv #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... Megakaryopoiesis • B12 ... Deficiency • ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Erythropoiesis (B12 ... in pernicious anemia ... • Refeeding syndrome ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Cobalamin
Decreased Intake
Pancreas: Insufficiency
Intestine: SIBO, Celiac disease, IBD, Lymphoma, Amyloidosis, Resection,
Deficiency - Cobalamin ... Stomach: Pernicious anemia ... #Deficiency #Cobalamin ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
- Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... , B12 deficiency ... MCV #Algorithm #Differential ... #Diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Volume (MCV) - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... (>100 fL) • B12 ... Classification #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm