38 results
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... #differential #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #nutrition
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Encephalopathy - Acute ... B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency ... - Diagnosis and ... Management Diagnosis ... #neurology #nutrition
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
of the initial work-up ... deficiency is present ... deficiency. ... #Diagnosis #Macrocytosis ... Homocysteine #Algorithm #Workup
Causes of Neutropenia with Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Sequestration:
 • Splenomegaly
Marrow Infiltration:
 • Hematologic and non-hematologic
Myelofibrosis Stem cell ... Toxins • Aplastic Anemia ... Myelodysplasia Nutritional ... deficiency: • ... B12/folate/combined
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
turnover • Iron, B-12 ... , or folate deficiency ... RBC turnover • Acute ... • Hemolytic anemia ... Increase #Decrease #Diagnosis
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute Thiamine (B1) Deficiency 
Clinical Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 out of 4):
Encephalopathy - Acute ... Thiamine (B1) Deficiency ... Clinical Diagnosis ... #Deficiency #diagnosis ... #criteria #neurology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
loss), Vitamin B12 ... Index > 3: • Acute ... defects (e.g. sickle cell ... anemia, G6PD deficiency ... #differential #diagnosis
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
Orange or Hep C Clinical ... Physical Exam/Signs ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... ’s lymphoma or acute ... #workup #oncology
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
• Metabolic / Nutritional ... : DiabetesB12 deficiency ... Fabry's disease, Acute ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #neurology
Anemia Diagnostic Algorithm

Mean corpuscular (cell) volume (MCV): Average RBC size. Under 80 = microcytic. Between 80-95
Anemia Diagnostic ... High in acute blood ... (EPO), iron or B12 ... #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Workup #Hematology