124 results
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... Myelofibrosis Infectious ... : • Acute or Chronic ... disorders • Celiac disease ... effect following treatment
Causes of Encephalopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hyperacute:
 - Primary Neurologic: Vascular (IS, ICH), Seizure, Migraine, Trauma
Causes of Encephalopathy ... encephalopathy Acute ... Inflammatory (Acute ... paraneoplastic syndromes ... neurocognitive disease
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
basement membrane disease ... deposits - Post-infectious ... of glomerular disease ... Hematuria: • Infection ... #urology #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... a.k.a. hepatorenal syndrome ... - Post-infectious ... necrosis (causes ... Urinary tract infection
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Vasculitides, IBD, Celiac disease ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome ... : Chronic infections
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
and less common diseases ... diagnosis and treatment ... Inflammatory causes ... • Acute disseminated ... #neurology #inflammatory
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
tubular cells - Acute ... - Renal infection ... protein indicating acute ... Urinary tract infection ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of acute ... in a variety of acute ... chronic kidney diseases ... or non-infectious
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Disease Associations ... are seen in acute ... Urinary tract infections ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential #Microscopy
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
SLE) - Viral infections ... Kasabach-Merritt syndrome ... - APLS • Acute ... Infectious Purpura ... Gardner-Diamond syndrome