24 results
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Differential Diagnosis Table ... Cold Agglutinin Disease ... #Autoimmune #Hemolytic ... #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
- Autoimmune (AIHA ... ) (e.g. lupus, CLL ... - Autoimmune (AIHA ... cold agglutin disease ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) Treatment ... esp if severe disease ... Treatment #management ... #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... Autoimmune: Warm AIHA ... Defects: Sickle cell ... - Peripheral Blood ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Peripheral Blood Smear Analysis
Hypochromia
Megaloblastic Anemia
Schistocytes: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (e.g. DIC, TTP, HUS)
Microspherocytes: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Sickled red
Peripheral Blood ... Microangiopathic hemolytic ... cells: Sickle cell ... disease Bite cells ... Smear #Analysis #hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Red Blood Cell ( ... Macrocytic RBC: Vitamin B12 ... , McLeod blood group ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... for workup, including ... : Acute blood loss ... , Acute hemolysis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Consider sickle cell ... disease (diverse ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #workup ... #hematology #testing
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
cells can indicate disease ... Lymphocytosis: Absolute blood ... microglobulin Treatment ... Leukemia #diagnosis #workup ... #oncology #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
women • 15% of AIHA ... Immunoglobulin M (IgM) • Blood ... malignancies -> CLL ... sensitize red blood ... #hematology #diagnosis