52 results
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... old, ~10,000 new cases ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... #Management #treatment ... #hematology #oncology
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
and petechiae Causes ... - Parvovirus B19 ... Treatment: ... #oncology #hematology ... #diagnosis #management
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Causes of Thrombocytopenia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... Megakaryopoiesis • B12 ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Diagnostic Framework ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin B12 ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
Nutritional: vitamin B12 ... factor (GCSF) treatments ... marrow studies Treatment ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Micronutrient Deficiencies After Gastric Bypass
Fat-Soluble Vitamins:
 • Vitamin A - Night/complete blindness, xeropthalmia (pathologic dryness of
• Thiamine - Nausea ... ataxia), Korsakoff syndrome ... • Vitamin B12 ... - Macrocytic anemia ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
Causes of Low Vitamin ... B12 Levels Low ... vitamin B12 intake ... and Sjögren's syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Pericardial Effusion - Differential Diagnosis
Infectious:
 • Viral: Enterovirus, Herpesvirus, Adenovirus, Parvovirus
 • Bacterial: Mycobacterium
Causes of Pericardial ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Metabolic: Uremia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #cardiology
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
• Common Causes ... wt loss • If anemia ... Check for IF ab Treatment ... consider other diagnosis ... Cobalamin #Deficiency #diagnosis