9 results
diagnosis differential algorithm causes management mds myelodysplastic aplastic chronic classification cll elevation emergencies hemeonc lactate lactic lymphocytic myelodysplasia oncologic pancytopenia
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Congenital Diseases: • GATA2 deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia • Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome • Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy Cancer: • Leukemia • Lymphoma Inflammatory
• Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Cancer: • Leukemia ... consumption • Vitamin B12 ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... Leukemia, Tumour ... Megakaryopoiesis • B12 ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... transformation to acute leukemia ... only curative treatment ... #hematology #oncology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview Who? • M = F • 3 peaks: 1) Childhood 2) 15-25 years 3) >60 years What? • Aplastic anemia
, GATA2 deficiency ... , CTLA4 deficiency ... virus (EBV) • Leukemia ... Treatment: ... #oncology #hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
for workup, including ... Acute hemolysis, deficiency ... anemia, Rebound ... effect from treatment ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
• Neutropenia, anemia ... microglobulin Treatment ... • Sezary syndrome ... #diagnosis #workup ... #oncology #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) What? Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... Nutritional: vitamin B12 ... Workup: • Complete ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies Neutropenic fever: - Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
full infectious work-up ... days → add fungal work-up ... ): - Hematologic ... Usually myeloid leukemias ... treat - Calcium > 12
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
perfusion - shock->treatments ... before beginning treatment ... - Compartment syndrome ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... effect - Thiamine deficiency
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