27 results
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... differential #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #nutrition
Causes of Neutropenia with Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Sequestration:
 • Splenomegaly
Marrow Infiltration:
 • Hematologic and non-hematologic
Myelofibrosis Stem cell ... Toxins • Aplastic Anemia ... Myelodysplasia Nutritional ... deficiency: • ... B12/folate/combined
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
of Copper Deficiency ... diarrhoea, Short bowel syndrome ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... Haematological: Anaemia ... #riskfactors #symptoms
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Anorexia nervosa Treatment ... Encephalopathy • A prompt treatment ... can improve symptoms ... development of Korsakoff syndrome ... (chronic B1 deficiency
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
• Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis Nutritional ... consumption • Vitamin B12 ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... Megakaryopoiesis • B12 ... ITP • SLE • CLL ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Differential diagnosis of schistocytes / fragmentation hemolysis:
 • Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA)
    - TTP
organ or stem cell ... crisis • Severe B12 ... deficiency • Mechanical ... macroangiopathic hemolytic anemia ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Aplastic Anemia - Illness Script
Signs and symptoms:
 • Recurrent infections from neutropenia
 • Mucosal bleeding from
Illness Script Signs ... and symptoms: ... Treatment: • Consider ... stem cell transplant ... #hematology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
with no early symptoms ... Physical Exam/Signs ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... microglobulin Treatment ... workup #oncology #hematology
Etiologies of Vitamin B12 Deficiency
 • Inadequate intake - Rare but seen in very strict vegans
autoantibodies (pernicious anemia ... malabsorption syndromes ... #VitaminB12 #deficiency ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #nutrition