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diagnosis management differential gastroenterology activetb algorithm bowel cancer cardiomyopathy criticalcare emergencies hemeonc hepatology ibs irritable latenttb myelodysplastic oncologic peripartum radiology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... = funny-shaped cells ... old, ~10,000 new cases ... #MDS #Diagnosis ... #hematology #oncology
Oncologic Emergencies - Differential Diagnosis Framework HEMATOLOGIC ONCOLOGIC EMERGENCIES: Hyperviscosity Syndrome: • Spontaneous bleeding • Shortness of breath
Diagnosis Framework HEMATOLOGIC ... Hyperviscosity Syndrome ... • Spontaneous bleeding ... neutrophil count < 500 cells ... : Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) What? Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
group of disorders caused ... skin that are caused ... by bleeding (petechiae ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview Who? • M = F • 3 peaks: 1) Childhood 2) 15-25 years 3) >60 years What? • Aplastic anemia
ecchymoses, mucosal bleeding ... and petechiae Causes ... aplastic anemia Treatment ... Aplastic #Anemia #oncology ... #hematology #diagnosis
Differentiation Syndrome in APML Epidemiology: • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study) • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... Triggers: ATRA treatment ... - pulmonary opacities ... diagnosis #management #hematology ... #oncology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
-> AML: Blast crises ... manifestations, hypoxia, CXR ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Leukemia #Hematology ... #Oncology #Diagnosis
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
high WBC count cause ... , dyspnea, +/- CXR ... organ damage • Treatment ... Lysis of tumor cells ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... to increased pulmonary ... consistent with pulmonary ... detected on CT or CXR ... Usama Nasir MD
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies Neutropenic fever: - Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
): - Hematologic ... Simultaneous clotting and bleeding ... Treat underlying cause ... “big & sticky” cells ... renal failure, pulmonary
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - Management Global IBS Symptoms: - Limited trial low FODMAP diet
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ... Rifaximin- up to 3 courses ... intestinal epithelial cells ... by Tina Hang, MD ... gastroenterology #treatment
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