17 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
of glomerular bleeding ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified ... #urology #blood
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
• 1ml blood/liter ... hematuria + clots ➔ Lower ... #causes #urology ... #nephrology #renal ... #urine #blood
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... hypovolemia • Bleeding ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... hypovolemia • Bleeding ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Red Urine:
 • Medical conditions: bleeding, porphyria, factitious disorder
 • Meds: rifampin,
Diagnosis Red Urine ... Medical conditions: bleeding ... : • Any cause of ... dyes typically cause ... discoloration #nephrology
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
much easier to diagnosis ... with direct urine ... secretion Cannot lower ... #Management #Nephrology ... #Causes #Differential
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... and Differential Diagnosis ... Investigations: full blood ... osmolarity If cause ... #nephrology #causes
Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm and Management
Hemorrhagic:
 • Intracerebral: HTN, Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Trauma, Bleeding Diathesis,
Algorithm and Management ... Angiopathy, Trauma, Bleeding ... Dysplasia, Moyamoya, Blood ... #Algorithm #management ... #neurology #treatment
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... Non-glomerular bleeding ... - Diagnostic of ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #potassium #nephrology