31 results
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis - Gap and Non-Gap - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Elevated Anion Gap
Causes of Metabolic ... and Non-Gap - Differential ... MetabolicAcidosis #AnionGap ... #NonGap #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... exchange resins #aniongap ... #NonGap #Metabolic ... #Acidosis #differential ... #nephrology
GOLDMARK - Mnemonic for Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
G - Glycols
O - Oxoproline
L - L-Lactate
D - D-Lactate
M
for Anion Gap Metabolic ... - Aspirin R - Renal ... GOLDMARK #Mnemonic #AnionGap ... #diagnosis #differential ... #causes
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Metabolic Acidosis ... Loss (Negative urine ... Diarrhea • Fistula Renal ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Chloridorrhea Renal ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Malignancy True hypovolemia ... • Bleeding ... GI losses • Renal ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Malignancy True hypovolemia ... • Bleeding ... GI losses • Renal ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... of Glomerular Bleeding ... Exercise induced bleeding ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine #