13 results
Approach to Conjugated Hyperbilirubinemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

1. Definition: T.bili elevation + >20% conjugated
2. Obtain RUQ
non-ICU vs ICU causes ... MRCP, ERCP, liver ... Hyperbilirubinemia #direct ... #bilirubin #Differential ... #hepatology
Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Normal Values and Interpretation

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT) - Liver, cardiac & skeletal
(TBili) Direct ... bilirubin (Conjugated ... hepatocellular injury ... Indirect bilirubin ... Interpretation #diagnosis #hepatology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Acute Liver Injury ... Algorithm Vascular Causes ... Half-life: 1 week • Direct ... RBC (hemolysis, bleeding ... diagnosis #algorithm #hepatology
Causes of Bleeding / Bruising - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Thrombocytopenia - Quantitative Defect
 • Decreased Production
 •
Causes of Bleeding ... Iatrogenic) • Liver ... Coagulation #Bleeding ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Bilirubin - ... life: 1 week • Direct ... bilirubin: ↑ ... RBC (hemolysis, bleeding ... #differential #Hepatology
Inherited Non-hemolytic Disorders of Hyperbilirubinemia 

== Disorders of Conjugation ==
Gilbert Syndrome:
 • 5-10% of the population
of hemolysis or liver ... injury ... and stress may cause ... #hepatology #diagnosis ... #gastroenterology
Bleeding and Bruising - Disorders of Hemostasis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

== Quantitative or Qualitative defect in
dabigatran, argatroban, direct ... discern these causes ... are liver function ... Anticoagulants (warfarin, direct ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Pyogenic liver abscess in children
Common bacterial causes in children:
 • S.aureus
 • Strep spp
 • Enteric
Pyogenic liver abscess ... Common bacterial causes ... infection: • Direct ... ) • Traumatic injury ... differential #diagnosis #hepatology
Hepatic Encephalopathy - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Definition:
 • Alteration in brain function manifested by neuropsychiatric symptoms
by liver insufficiency ... rule out other causes ... Infection, GI bleeding ... data is limited Diet ... Management #treatment #hepatology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Mechanisms: • Direct ... Marrow (Toxic injury ... ecchymoses, mucosal bleeding ... and petechiae Causes ... Anemia #oncology #hematology