26 results
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
syndrome 4. ... Malabsorption syndromes ... syndrome, Factitious ... management #algorithm #workup ... #diagnosis #differential
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... volume loss - diarrhea ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Uosm < 100 mmol/kg ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Uosm < 100 mmol/kg ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
- Differential ... Cerebral salt wasting syndrome ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... Stress, Drugs, Syndrome ... • Nephrotic syndrome
Stool Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Affected Pelvic Floor 
 - Trauma/Surgery
   • Surgery: Anorectal,
Incontinence - Differential ... Anorectal, Prostate, Bowel ... Emotional Problems - Diarrheal ... Syndrome • ... #Incontinence #Differential
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
- Differential ... Malabsorption, Chronic diarrhea ... alkalosis, Hungry bone syndrome ... Tumor genesis syndrome ... FGF-23: Fanconi syndrome
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea ... Shift: Refeeding Syndrome ... Tumor Genesis Syndrome ... FGF23: Fanconi Syndrome ... #phosphorus #workup
Pediatric Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Dietary/Functional
 • lnsufficient Volume / Bulk
Neurologic
 • Hirschsprung's Disease
 • Imperforate
Constipation - Differential ... Volume / Bulk Neurologic ... Withholding • Painful (e.g ... Anatomic • Bowel ... Guillan-Barré Syndrome