19 results
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
A-lines (parietal pleura ... to thickened pleura ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... (ARDS): - Bilateral ... #pulmonary #differential
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 • Congestive heart failure
 • Constrictive
Causes of Pleural ... Effusion - Differential ... Pneumonectomy • Trapped lung ... • Post-CABG ... #Effusion #Pulmonary
Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Dysrhythmia
 • Ischemia
 • Cardiomyopathy
 • Valvular disease
Causes of Dyspnea - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Cardiac ... Superior vena cava syndrome ... • Interstitial lung ... : • Pleural effusion
Radiographic appearances of pulmonary diseases in HIV/AIDS Patients
 • Diffuse Interstitial Infiltrates: Pneumocystis jirovecii, M.tuberculosis, Histoplasma
in HIV/AIDS Patients ... Actinomyces spp., NHL; Lung ... • Pleural effusion ... Parapneumonic effusion ... #differential #
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Pericardial • Effusion ... • Cardiac Tamponade ... Acute Coronary Syndrome ... EffusionsPleural ... Pneumonia • ARDS
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
of Hypoxemia- Differential ... • Interstitial lung ... Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Neuromascular Weakness • Pleural ... Hypoxemia #Hypoxia #Differential
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... - Rapid saline infusion ... or restrictive lung ... disease (COPD,
Small Vessel Vasculitides
 • Granulomatosis with polyangiitis - Granulomatous manifestations (e.g., nasal crusting, destructive sinusitis, pulmonary
- Interstitial lung ... disease • Eosinophilic ... eosinophilia. and cardiac ... and Sjogren's syndrome ... Vasculitides #vasculitis #differential
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
: Atelectasis, ARDS ... Embolism, Obstructive Lung ... • Diffusion Defect ... , Interstitial Lung ... Hypoxia #hypoxemia #differential
CT and ultrasonographic features of COVID-19 pneumonia
Lung CT:
 - Thickened pleura
 - Ground glass shadow and
glass shadow and effusion ... effusion is rare ... progress of the disease ... alveolar interstitial syndrome ... ChestCT #Ultrasound #POCUS