13 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
• Red cell casts ... casts - Renal infection ... • Hyaline casts ... disease • Granular casts ... diagnosis #nephrology #casts
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... in creatinine by ... Necrosis (Epithelial cell ... casts) • Ischemia ... polyangiitis /microscopic
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... to Acute Interstitial ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... eosinophiluria, microscopic ... proteinuria, granular casts
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... are seen in acute ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts
Diffuse Acute Abdominal Pain (<72 hours) - Differential Diagnostic Algorithm
Look for surgical abdomen
Upper quadrant: R/O cardiac,
Diffuse Acute Abdominal ... musculoskeletal causes ... genitourinary causes ... Ketoacidosis) • Sickle cell ... #Acute #Abdominal
Lymphomas and Lymphoproliferative Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hodgkin Lymphoma ~40% - Characteristic For Reed-Sternberg (RS) Cells
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... a single site in ... lymphadenopathy more diffuse ... Treated Like Acute ... Lymphoproliferative #Disorders #Classification
Summary table of types of hypersensitivity reactions. 
Type 1
 - Mediators: lgE
 - Antigen Form: Soluble
Summary table of ... Allergen-specific lgE causes ... days - Examples: Acute ... are deposited in ... #classification
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
countries (11-24 cases ... Americans (18-71 cases ... mortality: 9-14 cases ... sarcoidosis (1/3 of cases ... sarcoidosis (2/3 of cases
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Microscopic exam ... • Urinary casts ... Acute Kidney Injury ... Acute Tubular Necrosis ... leucocyte-esterase #urine #UNa #casts
Angioedema - Classification Diagnosis and Treatment
Types of Angioedema:
 • Acute allergic angioedema - Usually occurs with
Angioedema - Classification ... Angioedema: • Acute ... inherited disease Acute ... in > 90% of cases ... is key • Mast cell-mediated