19 results
Important Fungal Stains
Mycology Lab:
 • Calcofluor white - Fluorochrome that binds glucans and chitin in fungal
polysaccharide capsule of Cryptococcus ... detection for cryptococcal ... mucopolysaccharide capsule of Cryptococcus ... #microbiology #microscopy ... fungus #comparison #table
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... eosinophiluria, microscopic ... proteinuria, granular casts ... Nephritis #AIN #Algorithm
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Epithelial cell casts ... Obstruction • Cast ... polyangiitis /microscopic ... #Causes
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... cells on urine microscopy ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... with polyangiitis/microscopic ... #Causes
Common Fungal Pathology 
 • Candida - Small yeast intermingled with pseudohyphae
 • Aspergillosis - Septate
broad based bud • Cryptococcus ... Pathology #clinical #microscopy ... #table #atlas #
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Causes of Dysuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pyuria - Leukocytes on Dipstick/Microscopy
 - Bacteriuria & Hematuria -
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Leukocytes on Dipstick/Microscopy ... Pyelonephritis - WBC Casts ... Leukocytes on Dipstick/Microscopy ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
pneumonia (PJP), MAI, Cryptococcal ... nodules, plaques) Cryptococcus ... Legionella: • Nausea ... factor • May cause ... reported in 100% of cases
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... antibiotics once stable ... shows a small, stable ... Dermatitidis - Cryptococcus ... #differential #causes
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
present in 15% of cases ... Demyelinating disease caused ... culture positive Cryptococcal ... lesions • CSF cryptococcal