9 results
Elevated Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Mild (<100-500): 
 • NAFLD
 • Cirrhosis
 •
Tests (LFTs) - ... • NAFLD • Cirrhosis ... Hepatopathy • Acute ... Function #Tests #LFTs ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Indications for Albumin for Management of Cirrhosis
 • Large volume paracentesis (>5 liter) - 8g per
Indications for Albumin ... Management of Cirrhosis ... ascites removed • Acute ... terlipressin #Albumin ... #treatment #hepatology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Hepatocellular - Check Acute ... Mixed - Check Acute ... Imperative to Identify Acute ... Production: • Albumin ... : > 1 • Acute
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
Patterns of Liver ... > 20x normal - Acute ... CMV), Alcoholic cirrhosis ... #Injury #hepatology ... #LFTs #transaminitis
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
INR, bilirubin, albumin ... /acute hepatitis ... sarcoidosis) • Liver ... metastasis • Fatty liver ... Diagnosis #causes #hepatology
Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) - Differential Diagnosis
High albumin gradient (>1.1 g/dl):
 - Cirrhosis	
 - Alcoholic
>1.1 g/dl): - Cirrhosis ... ascites - Massive liver ... Veno-occlusive disease - Acute ... fatty liver of ... ascites without cirrhosis
Acute-phase Reactants Synthesized in the Liver 
Positive acute-phase reactants (concentrations increase with acute inflammation)
 - Immune-related
Acute-phase Reactants ... Positive acute-phase ... increase with acute ... Ferritin Negative acute-phase ... decrease with acute
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
disease: cirrhosis ... hepatitis, or acute ... Pathophysiology: ... - IV albumin ... transplant evaluation
Elevated Globulin - Protein Gap (Total Protein - Albumin > 4)

Work-up of an Elevated Globulin Gap:
•
first step in evaluation ... Viral infections (acute ... Sarcoidosis) • Liver ... disease: Cirrhosis ... inflammation (acute