14 results
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Painless: suggests malignancy ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... Diagnosis #EM #IM ... #Urology #Hematuria ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
and Evaluation ... symptoms (HA, nausea ... cardiac, liver, renal ... Diagnosis #EM #IM ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
causes • Laxative ... ↑ Aldosterone: Malignant ... consumption • Low ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Aldosterone • Malignant ... Aldosterone-secreting mass • Adrenal ... #Differential #
Causes of Low Back Pain - Differential Diagnosis
Intrinsic Spine: Lumbar strain, Herniated nucleus pulposus, Compression fracture,
Causes of Low Back ... Pain - Differential ... tissue disease, Malignancy ... cholecystitis; • Neurologic ... Retroperitoneal - renal
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... High Aldosterone: Malignant ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Hyperaldosteronism: malignant ... Syndrome, Congenital Adrenal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... Kidney Injury AKI - Differential ... Impaired forward flow ... enlargement (benign or malignant ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Unintentional Weight Loss in Primary Care
 • Definition: More than 5% reduction in body weight within
mortality • Baseline evaluation ... UA Most Common Causes ... : - Malignancy ... (4% to 8%) - Neurologic ... PrimaryCare #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... Approach (when evaluation ... Malignant or accelerated ... Neurologic disorders ... #Differential #