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differential spinalcord msk pathophysiology symptoms syndrome syndromes caudaequina cord injury orthopedics physicalexam acute algorithm barre cauda classification clinical dermatomes disorders
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview Cauda Equina Syndrome: • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr •
sequestration • Saddle ... Mnemonic: • S - Saddle ... - Emergency Causes ... neoplasms • trauma ... #causes #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Causes: • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central) • Severe lumbar spondylosis • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... • Trauma or epidural ... Incontinence • Saddle ... pathophysiology #diagnosis
Orthopedic Essentials - Spinal Trauma and Spine Classification DENIS THREE COLUMN CONCEPT Anterior column:
Trauma and Spine ... fractures: Don't cause ... or neurologic deficit ... injury 3 Cauda equina ... #Orthopedics #diagnosis
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Causes of spinal ... other forms of trauma ... involvement Cauda Equina ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes Reflexes: • Knee - L2, L3, L4 • Ankle - S1
Conditions: • Cauda Equina ... pain, sciatica, saddle ... Commonly caused ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #neurology #sensory
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... Weakness • Spinal ... Transverse Myelitis, Trauma ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Medullaris Syndrome -> Trauma ... rectal reflex. saddle ... Injury #Syndromes #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #signs ... #orthopedics #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework Spinal cord neurological lesion: Clinical findings: • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Symptoms and signs ... roots -> Cauda equina ... Cord Causes: 1 ... #neurology #differential
Incomplete spinal cord syndromes (ISCS) • Central - Small Lesion - Suspended sensory deficit, classic cape
Incomplete spinal ... positive Romberg sign ... rectal dysfunction, saddle ... types) • Cauda Equina ... #neurology
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Skeletal Pathology of the Hip • Arthritis • Congenital hip dysplasia
Chondrodysplasia Neurologic ... Lesion in the Spinal ... pathophysiology #causes ... #symptoms #signs ... #diagnosis #msk
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