11 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
- Compatible syndrome ... toxo IgG • CNS PCR ... Syphilis • Pyogenic Abscess ... #Brain #differential ... #radiology #neurology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
- Differential Diagnosis ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Abscess, Toxoplasmosis ... Neurocysticercosis, PML ... Algorithm #Causes #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... Spinal stenosis - Abscess ... Impotence - Saddle anesthesia ... loss - Saddle anesthesia ... #diagnosis #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... nervous system: Brain ... • Infectious: Brain ... abscess • Toxic ... #neurology
Causes of Hypotonic Infant (Floppy Newborn) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Central Nervous System - Decreased LOC, Axial
- Differential Diagnosis ... Normal Reflexes - Brain ... Intracranial Mass/lesion ... Other Congenital Syndromes ... Hematoma • Abscess
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
• S - Saddle anesthesia ... Differential Diagnosis ... Spinal infection/abscess ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
bilateral white matter lesions ... lesions, which ... Diagnosis: MRI ... The clinical syndrome ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
ring-enhanced lesion ... Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... stroke Tuberculous Abscess ... contrast enhancement Brain ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis
Causes of Status Epilepticus in Adults
METABOLIC DISTURBANCES
Hepatic encephalopathy
Hypocalcemia
Hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia
Hyponatremia
Uremia
INFECTIOUS PROCESSES
Central nervous system abscess
Encephalitis
Meningitis
WITHDRAWAL SYNDROMES
Alcohol
Antiepileptic drugs
Baclofen
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
CENTRAL
nervous system abscess ... NERVOUS SYSTEM LESIONS ... malformations Brain ... #Differential #diagnosis ... #causes #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Antibiotics (Bactrim, PCN ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... • K-Binding Resins ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology