9 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Al, Low R - Pseudo-hyperaldosteronism ... Normotensive: • UCl ... Post-hypercapnia • UCl ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... • Exogenous (KCL ... #differential #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Posterolateral Corner (PLC) Injury - Posterolateral Drawer Test
Injury to the posterolateral corner (PLC) is difficult to
is difficult to diagnose ... context of complex knee ... video shows you how ... ligament injury (PCL ... #Orthopedics #Knee
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... Urine Cl - Non-reabsorbable ... • High Urine Cl ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... acidosis) • Low ... #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
> 1.6, low urine ... Cl; • Laxative ... : urine Na/Cl < ... correcting serum potassium ... #algorithm #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Chloride Algorithm Cl ... Kidney loss of Cl ... alkalosis • Loss of Cl ... Cystic fibrosis Cl ... alkalosis • Normal/low
The crusade against “Ab”Normal Saline continues.  This is a non-physiologic fluid that can harm our
its Chloride (Cl ... are balanced by Cl ... high amount of Cl ... The high CL- content ... #treatment #pharmacology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #