10 results
Hepatorenal Syndrome Diagnosis
 • ↑ in serum Cr of ≥ 0.3mg/dL above baseline
Hepatorenal Syndrome Diagnosis ... • Severe liver disease ... output and/or ↓ diuretic ... 2 HRS) • Low ... #HRS #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
apatite plaque, Low ... recessive genetic disease ... - Antiviral treatment ... virus or HIV/AIDS, diuretics ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
history, exam, and urine ... DI; high dilute urine ... Dehydration: neurologic disease ... unavailable 2) Osmotic Diuresis ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Aldosterone, RTA Type ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... lysis) ± Urine ... acidosis) • Low ... #potassium #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... disease 2. ... Loop diuretics for ... #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Spot PC (protein ... in monitoring low-level ... cryoglobulinemias (types ... testing #workup #diagnosis ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Spot PC (protein ... in monitoring low-level ... cryoglobulinemias (types ... #workup #diagnosis ... initial #testing #nephrology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
advanced liver disease ... HRS-AKI (formerly Type ... HRS-Non-AKI (formerly Type ... Treatment Overview ... Syndrome #Hepatology #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... • Autoimmune disease ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... #nephrology #management