19 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Signs ... of anemia and hemolysis ... #Anemias #Differential
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia 1) DIAGNOSE ... AIHA • Anemia ... LDH • Anti-RBC autoantibodies ... • Blood smear: Differential
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential ... → Sickle Cell anemia ... Recent travel/Fevers ... #Anemia #Differential
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential ... bartonella (oroya fever ... ARUPConsult @ARUPLabs #Hemolytic ... #Anemia #Differential
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
Malar rash 40% - Fever ... Lymphadenopathies 7% - Hemolytic ... anemia 4% - Myositis ... Erythematosus #Diagnosis #autoantibodies ... #signs #symptoms
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential ... anemia, PNH, immune ... - Pernicious anemia ... myocarditis, rheumatic fever ... Dehydrogenase #Elevated #differential
Inflammatory Myopathies
Dermatomyositis
 • Onset: Subacute
 • Pattern: Proximal
 • CK: Up to 50X ULN
 • Autoantibodies:
to 50X ULN • Autoantibodies ... heliotrope, shawl sign ... to 50X ULN • Autoantibodies ... Inflammatory #Myopathies #differential ... #diagnosis #comparison
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
• Vitamin E - Haemolytic ... anaemia, ataxia ... Vitamin B12 - Anaemia ... Vitamins #Deficiency #differential ... #diagnosis #signs
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
Differential Diagnosis ... schistosomiasis • Pyemia ... Brucellosis Faget's Sign ... with profound hemolysis ... #Patterns #Differential
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
• Symptoms of anemia ... anemia • Cold ... younger pts) Differential ... Symptoms: High fevers ... #anemia #hematology